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Radial nerve controls the more proximal function of wrist extension,
the deep branch (posterior interosseous nerve) controls the more distal function of finger and thumb extension,
and the superficial branch is purely sensory, providing sensation over the dorsal aspect of the hand from the thumb to the radial half of the ring finger
The proximal portion of the median nerve controls the muscles of wrist flexionand the superficial finger flexors before it gives off the anterior interosseous nerve, which controls the radial half of the deep finger flexors and thumb flexion at the interphalangeal joint.
The remaining portion of the median nerve provides sensation to the volar surface of the hand from the thumb to the radial half of the ring finger,
including the dorsal tips of the thumb, index, and middle fingers.
A separate motor branch (recurrent branch of the median nerve) controls the thenar muscles for thumb opposition and abduction.
Colles’ fractures :
Assessmedian nervefunction before and after reduction
Fractures of the proximal humerus and humeral shaft :
Carefully assess for axillary nerve injury by checking sensation at the area of deltoid muscle insertion
and deltoid muscle engagement with shoulder abduction.
Humerus shaft fracture : Radial nerve
Supracondylar fracture :
The anterior interosseous nerve injury (Branch of median nerve) is the most common nerve injury in extension-type injuries,
while ulnar neuropathy is the most common in flexion-type injuries.
Elbow dislocation (mostly posterior)
The priority is to assess the neurovascular status of the brachial artery (10%), ulnar nerve (20%), and median nerve, as these structures may become entrapped
- Brachial artery injury
- The ulnar or median nerve injury
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